![\"\"](\"https:\/\/kientrucbenhvien.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/11\/be-xu-ly-nuoc-thai-1024x768.jpg\")
<\/p>\nTheo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i ra ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH, BOD5, COD, t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, nitrat, photpho, coliform, amoni, H2S, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1, ch\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, t\u1ed5ng coliform, salmonella, Shigella, Vibrio cholerae\u2026 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh; trung t\u00e2m th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9; b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t chu\u1ea9n 28:2010\/BTNM th\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111i v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 cam k\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng do S\u1edf T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y T\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u01a1 s\u1edf, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u01b0a cao, k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho ph\u00e9p theo quy chu\u1ea9n QCVN 28:2010\/BTNMT th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t theo Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh 155\/2016\/N\u0110-CP quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi vi ph\u1ea1m h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
V\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng nito thay b\u1eb1ng nitrat, Clo d\u01b0, t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. V\u1ec1 b\u00f9n th\u1ea3i qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n sau khi kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i r\u1eafn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1 th\u00e0nh ph\u00e0n nguy h\u1ea1i theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a QCVN 50:2013\/BTNMT.<\/p>\n
Trong 11.511 c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 60% b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, 40% c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a. N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n tuy\u1ebfn trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn t\u1ec9nh v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1 cao. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec, b\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f2n v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu kinh ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebfu chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n khi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/p>\n
Quy \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n N\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn C l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00ednh to\u00e1n Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3i ra ngu\u1ed3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH, BOD5, COD, t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn, nitrat, photpho, coliform, amoni, H2S, d\u1ea7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4428,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[24],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n
\nGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1i \u0111a Cmax cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i y t\u1ebf khi th\u1ea3i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau: Cmax = C x K
\nTrong \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n
\nK l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"